We are studying various phenomena related to lattice and electronic structure at nano- and atomic level by using X-ray with high brightness, coherence, and ultra-fast performance. X-ray scattering and X-ray imaging, anomalous X-ray scattering, and X-ray transmission spectroscopy are studied to identify the formation of nanostructures on the surface and interface and the structural and electrical properties of atomic units. In order to study atom / electron dynamics at femtosecond level, we are conducting pump-probe diffraction and spectroscopy studies using ultra-short X-ray, such as X-ray free electron lasers. In addition, We are also developing and applying laser X-ray source. The research subjects are the conductor-nonconductor phase transition of transition metal oxides, oxidation / reduction kinetics, Pt, Ni, Co catalyst nano phenomena, and X-ray imaging technique is applied to intracellular level biomaterials imaging.